Makalah: Pengertian dan Ruang Lingkup Dakwah

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BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

a.    Latar belakang

MASYARAKAT merupakan sebuah komunitas yang tak dapat dipisahkan dari  budaya. Budaya itu yang kemudian membedakan antar satu komunitas dengan komunitas yang lain. Budaya berpengaruh pula terhadap adat kebiasaan, pola pikir serta sikap setiap individu yang tergabung di dalamnya. Orang sunda berbeda dengan orang batak dari berbagai sisi, mulai bahasa, etika serta standar kepribadiannya. Begitu pula dengan etnis-etnis lain yang ada di Indonesia bahkan di dunia.

Di era Nabi Muhammad, masyarakat Arab kala itu tersusun atas klan-klan suku. Nabi Muhammad terlahir dan besar di tengah suku yang terpandang di jazirah Arab kala itu, yakni Quraisy. Islam datang sebagai agama yang “menuntun” masyarakat Arab agar melaksanakan perintah Tuhan Allah, serta meninggalkan sesembahan nenek moyang mereka yaitu dewi-dewi banatullah Al-Latta, Al-Uzza dan Al-Mannat. Perjuangan Nabi ini tidak mudah sebab setiap klan tidak menyetujui ajaran monotheisme yang diajarkan Nabi Muhammad. Dengan kegigihannya, Islam pun berkembang hingga saat ini.

Islamisasi masyarakat Arab yang dilanjutkan dengan Islamisasi masyarakat dunia ini dapat dilakukan dengan suatu aktivitas bernama dakwah. Banyak hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan dakwah dan akan diurai dalam makalah ini, terutama dari pengertian dan ruang lingkupnya

b. Rumusan Masalah

Rumusan yang menjadi master of question dalam makalah ini adalah :

1.        Apa itu dakwah dan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengannya?

2.        Kenapa dakwah begitu diperlukan?

3.        Di mana dan kapan saat yang tepat bagi seorang da’i itu bedakwah?

4.        Bagaimankah materi yang mampu menunjang efektivitas kegiatan dakwah??

c. Tujuan Makalah

Makalah ini disusun guna melengkapi tugas Fiqih Dakwah yang diampu oleh Ibu Anisah Indriarti. Isi di dalam makalah ini di antaranya mengenai pengertian dakwah dari sisi bahasa maupun istilah, ayat tentang dakwah dan faktor-faktor keberhasilan dakwah. .

BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

A. Pengertian Dakwah

Dakwah menurut etimologi (bahasa) berasal dari kata bahasa Arab : da’a – yad’u – da’watan yang berarti mengajak, menyeru, dan memanggil[1]. Di antara makna dakwah secara bahasa adalah:

-          An-Nida artinya memanggil; da’a filanun Ika fulanah, artinya si fulan mengundang fulanah

-          Menyeru, ad-du’a ila syai’i, artinya menyeru dan mendorong pada sesuatu[2].

Dalam dunia dakwah, rang yang berdakwah biasa disebut Da’i dan orang yang menerima dakwah atau orang yang didakwahi disebut dengan Mad’u[3].

Dalam pengertian istilah dakwah diartikan sebagai berikut:

1.      Prof. Toha Yaahya Oemar menyatakan bahwa dakwah Islam sebagai upaya mengajak umat dengan cara bijaksana kepada jalan yang benar sesuai dengan perintah Tuhan untuk kemaslahatan di dunia dan akhirat.

2.      Syaikh Ali Makhfudz, dalam kitabnya Hidayatul Mursyidin memberikan definisi dakwah sebagai berikut: dakwah Islam yaitu; mendorong manusia agar berbuat kebaikan dan mengikuti petunjuk (hidayah), menyeru mereka berbuat kebaikan dan mencegah dari kemungkaran, agar mereka mendapat kebahagiaan di dunia dan akhirat.

3.      Hamzah Ya’qub mengatakan bahwa dakwah adalah mengajak umat manusia dengan hikmah (kebijaksanaan) untuk mengikuti petunjuk Allah dan Rasul-Nya.

4.      Menurut Prof Dr. Hamka dakwah adalah seruan  panggilan untuk menganut suatu pendirian yang ada dasarnya berkonotasi positif dengan substansi terletak pada aktivitas yang memerintahkan amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar.

5.      Syaikh Muhammad Abduh mengatakan bahwa dakwah adalah menyeru kepada kebaikan dan mencegah dari kemungkaran adalah fardlu yang diwajibkan kepada setiap muslim[4].

Dari beberapa definisi di atas secara singkat dapat disimpulkan bahwa dakwah merupakan suatu aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh informan (da’i) untuk menyampaikan informasi kepada pendengar (mad’u) mengenai kebaikan dan mencegah keburukan. Aktivitas tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menyeru, mengajak atau kegiatan persuasif lainnya.

Dakwah menjadikan perilaku Muslim dalam menjalankan Islam sebagai agama rahmatan lil’alamin yang harus didakwahkan kepada seluruh manusia, yang dalam prosesnya melibatkan unsur: da’i (subyek), maaddah (materi), thoriqoh (metode), wasilah (media), dan mad’u (objek) dalam mencapai maqashid (tujuan) dakwah yang melekat dengan tujuan Islam yaitu mencapai kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan akhirat[5].

Islam sebagai agama merupakan penerus dari risalah-risalah yang dibawa nabi terdahulu, terutama agama-agama samawi seperti Yahudi dan Nasrani. Islam diturunkan karena terjadinya distorsi ajaran agama, baik karena hilangnya sumber ajaran agama sebelumnya ataupun pengubahan yang dilakukan pengikutnya. Dalam agama Nasrani misalnya, hingga saat ini belum ditemukan kitab suci yang asli.

Karena dakwah merupakan aktivitas amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar, dakwah tidak selalu berkisar pada permasalahan agama seperti pengajian atau kegiatan yang dianggap sebagai kegiatan keagamaan lainnya. Paling tidak ada tiga pola yang dapat dipahami mengenai dakwah.

a. Dakwah Kultural

            Dakwah kultural adalah aktivitas dakwah yang mendekatkan pendekatan Islam Kultural, yaitu: salah satu pendekatan yang berusaha meninjau kembali kaitan doktrinasi yang formal antara Islam dan negara. Dakwah kultural merupakan dakwah yang mendekati objek dakwah (mad’u) dengan memperhatikan aspek sosial budaya yang berlaku pada masyarakat. Seperti yang telah dilaksanakan para muballigh dahulu (yang dikenal sebagai walisongo) di mana mereka mengajarkan Islam menggunakan adat istiadat dan tradisi lokal. Pendekatan dakwah melalui kultural ini yang menyebabkan banyak masyarakat yang tertarik masuk Islam. Hingga kini dakwah kultural ini masih dilestarikan oleh sebagian umat Islam di Indonesia.

b. Dakwah Politik

            Dakwah politik adalah gerakan dakwah yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kekuasaan (pemerintah); aktivis dakwah bergerak mendakwahkan ajaran Islam supaya Islam dapat dijadikan ideologi negara, atau paling tidak setiap kebijakan pemerintah atau negara selalu diwarnai dengan nilai-nilai ajaran Islam sehingga ajaran Islam melandasi kehidupan politik bangsa. Negara dipandang pula sebagai alat dakwah yang paling strategis.

            Dakwah politik disebut pula sebagai dakwah struktural. Kekuatan dakwah struktural ini pada umumnya terletak pada doktrinasi yang dipropagandakannya. Beberapa kelompok Islam gigih memperjuangkan dakwah jenis ini menurut pemahamannya.

c. Dakwah Ekonomi

            Dakwah ekonomi adalah aktivitas dakwah umat Islam yang berusaha mengimplementasikan ajaran Islam yang berhubungan dengan proses-proses ekonomi guna peningkatan kesejahteraan umat Islam. Dakwah ekonomi berusaha untuk mengajak umat Islam meningkatkan ekonomi dan kesejahteraannya. Ajaran Islam dalam kategori ini antara lain; jual-beli, pesanan, zakat, infak dan lain sebagainya.

Makna “dakwah” juga berdekatan dengan konsep ta’lim, tadzkir, dan tashwir. Ta’lim  berarti mengajar, tujuannya menambah pengetahuan orang yang diajar, kegiatannya bersifat promotif  yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan, sedang objeknya adalah orang yang masih kurang pengetahuannya. Tadzkir berarti mengingatkan dengan tujuan memperbaiki dan mengingatkan pada orang yang lupa terhadap tugasnya sebagai serang muslim. Karena itu kegiatan ini bersifat reparatif atau memperbaiki sikap, dan perilaku yang rusak akibat pengaruh lingkungan keluarga dan sosial budaya yang kurang baik, objeknya jelas mereka yang sedang lupa akan tugas dan perannya sebagai muslim.

Tashwir berarti melukiskan sesuatu pada alam pikiran seorang, tujuannya membangkitkan pemahaman akan sesuatu melalui penggemaran atau penjelasan. Kegiatan ini bersifat propagatif, yaitu menanamkan ajaran agama kepada manusia, sehingga mereka terpengaruh untuk mengikutinya[6].

Dakwah yang diwajibkan tersebut berorientasi pada beberapa tujuan:

1.      Membangun masyarakat Islam, sebagaimana para rasul Allah yang memulai dakwahnya di kalangan masyarakat jahiliah. Mereka mengajak manusia untuk memeluk agama Allah Swt, menyampaikan wahyu-Nyan kepada kaumnya, dan memperingatkan mereka dari syirik.

2.      Dakwah dengan melakukan perbaikan pada masyarakat Islam yang terkena musibah. Seperti penyimpangan dan berbagai kemungkaran, serta pengabaian masyarakat tersebut terhadap segenap kewajiban.

3.      Memelihara kelangsungan dakwah di kalangan masyarakat yang telah berpegang pada kebenaran, melalui pengajaran secara terus-menerus, pengingatan, penyucian jiwa, dan pendidikan[7].

B. Landasan Dakwah

Dakwah merupakan kewajiban yang syar’i. Hal ini sebagaimana tercantum di dalam Al-Qur’an maupun As-Sunnah.

Beberapa Ayat Dakwah

ادْعُ إِلِى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَجَادِلْهُم بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ

“Serulah (manusia) kepada jalan Tuhan-mu dengan hikmah dan pelajaran yang baik dan bantahlah mereka dengan cara yang baik. Sesungguhnya Tuhanmu Dialah yang lebih mengetahui tentang siapa yang tersesat dari jalan-Nya dan Dialah yang lebih mengetahui orang-orang yang mendapat petunjuk.” (Q.S. An-Nahl [16]:125)

وَلْتَكُن مِّنكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ

“Dan hendaklah ada di antara kamu segolongan umat yang menyeru kepada kebajikan, menyuruh kepada yang ma’ruf dan mencegah dari yang munkar ; merekalah orang-orang yang beruntung.” (Q.S. Ali Imran [3]: 104)

Beberapa Hadits Dakwah

مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ

(رواه صحيح مسلم)

Rasulullah pernah bersabda: “Barangsiapa yang melihat kemungkaran, maka cegahlah dengan tanganmu, apabila belum bisa, maka cegahlah dengan mulutmu, apabila belum bisa, cegahlah dengan hatimu, dan mencegah kemungkaran dengan hati adalah pertanda selemah-lemah iman”

اَنْفِذْ عَلَى رَسُلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ ثُمَّ اُدْعُهُمْ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ بـِمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ حَقِّ اللهِ فِيْهِ فَوَاللهِ لِأَنْ يَهْدِيَ اللهُ بِكَ رَجُلاً وَاحِداً خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ لَكَ حُمْرُ النَّعَمِ

رواه البخارى

“Ajaklah mereka memeluk Islam dan beritahu mereka apa-apa yang diwajibkan atas mereka yang berupa hak Allah di dalamnya. Demi Allah, Allah memberi petunjuk kepada seseorang lantaran engkau, adalah lebih baik bagimu daripada engkau memiliki unta merah”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

C. Karakter Dakwah

Apabila dikatakan “dakwah islamiah”, maka yang dimaksudkan adalah “Risalah terakhir yang diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW sebagai wahyu dari Allah dalam bentuk kitab yang tidak ada kebatilan di dalamnya, baik di depan atau belakangnya, dengan kalam-Nya yang bernilai mukjizat, dan yang ditulis di dalam mushaf yang diriwayatkan dari Nabi Saw dengan Sand yang mutawatir, yang membacanya bernilai ibadah”.

Dengan penjabaran demikian, dakwah Islam memiliki beberapa karakter yang membedakannya dari dakwah-dakwah yang lain. Ada beberapa karakteristik di antaranya ialah:

1.      Rabaniyah, artinya bersumber dari wahyu Allah Swt.

2.      Wasathiyah, artinya tengah-tengah atau seimbang

3.      Ijabiyah, artinya positif dalam memandang alam, manusia, dan kehidupan

4.      Waqi’iyah, artinya realistis dalam memperlakukan individu dan masyarakat

5.      Akhlaqiyah, artinya sarat dengan nilai kebenaran, baik dalam sarana maupun tujuannya

6.      Syumuliyah, artinya utuh dan menyeluruh dalam manhajnya

7.      Alamiyah, bersifat mendunia

8.      Syuriyah, berpijak di atas prinsip musyawarah dalam menentukan segala sesuatunya

9.      Jihadiyah, artinya terus memerangi siapa saja yang berani menghalang-halangi Islam, dan mencegah tersebarnya dakwah.

10.  Salafiyah, artinya menjaga orisinalitas dalam pemahaman dan akidah[8].

D. Faktor-Faktor Keberhasilan Dakwah

Dakwah tidak akan berhasil apabila seorang da’i tidak menyerahkan dirinya secara totalitas untuk berjuang di jalan Allah. Dakwah yang berhasil ialah dakwah yang efektif membimbing manusia untuk amar ma’ruf dan nahi mungkar. Banyak faktor yang mendukung keberhasilan dakwah ini, di antaranya ialah:

1.      Pemahaman yang mendalam

2.      Keimanan yang kuat

3.      Kecintaan yang kukuh

4.      Kesadaran yang sempurna

5.      Kerja yang kontinu

Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan yang mulia itu, seorang muslim harus bersedia menjual diri dan hartanya kepada Allah, sampai dia tidak memiliki apa-apa. Dia menjadikan dunia hanya untuk dakwahnya, demi untuk memperoleh keberhasilan akhirat, sebagai pembalasan atas pengorbanannya.  Allah Swt berfirman:

“Sesungguhnya Allah telah membeli dari orang-orang yang beriman diri dan harta mereka dengan memberikan surga untuk mereka (At-Taubah:111)[9].

E. Sarana Dakwah dan Realisasi Target

Dengan pemahaman yang benar terhadap dakwah, kita berupaya melaksanakan pemahaman ini agar terjelma dalam kehidupan yang nyata, dan prinsip-prinsip yang dilaksanakan dapat disaksikan dan dirasakan pengaruhnya oleh manusia. Hal itu dilakukan melalui upaya untuk merealisasikan target-target berikut ini:

1.      Ishlah An-Nafs (perbaikan jiwa), sehingga menjadi seorang muslim yang kuat fisiknya, baik akhlaknya, luas wawasan berpikirnya, mampu bekerja, bersih akidahnya, benar ibadahnya dan bermanfaat untuk orang lain. Perbaikan ini menuntun hingga menjadi manusia asan takwim.

2.      Membina rumah tangga islami sehingga berimbas pada harmonisasi kehidupan dalam lingkup keluarga maupun masyarakat luas.

3.      Irsyad Al-Mujtama’ (memberi pengarahan kepada masyarakat) yakni dengan menanamkan prinsip amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar.

4.      Berdakwah kepada pemerintah untuk menerapkan syariat Allah dengan segala metode yang bijaksana dan akhlak islami

5.      Berdakwah untuk mewujudkan persatuan Islam dengan cara misalnya melakukan konsolidasi kepada negara-negara Islam[10].

Cara untuk mewujudkan target mulia tersebut ialah dengan cara sebagai berikut:

1.      Melalui dakwah yang disampaikan dengan hikmah (bijaksana), nasihat yang baik, dan bantahan dengan yang baik pula

2.      Dengan pendidikan Islam yang bermanhajkan Qur’an dan ajaran Rosul

3.      Bangunan pendidikan Islam adalah tempat mereka dididik dengan pendidikan Islam.

BAB III

PENUTUP

Kesimpulan

-          Dakwah merupakan aktivitas yang wajib dilakukan oleh setiap umat Islam.

-          Subyek dakwah disebut da’i, objek dakwah disebut mad’u

-          Esensi dari dakwah ialah menyampaikan kebaikan dengan amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar.

-           Dakwah dapat dilakukan dengan bermacam cara dan berbagai kondisi karena pelaksanaan dakwah tidak hanya dilakukan dengan ceramah.

-           Pola dakwah bahkan harus dipahami dengan beberapa pendekatan di antaranya pendekatan kultural, struktural dan ekonomi.

-          Karakter dakwah Islam salah satunya ialah rabbaniyah, artinya bersumber dari wahyu Allah Swt.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; Studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011

Drs. Wahidin Saputra, M.A., Pengantar Ilmu Dakwah, Jakarta, 2011

Drs. Suisyanto, M.Pd, Pengantar Filsafat Dakwah, Yogyakarta, 2006

Drs. Samsul Munir Amin, M.A, Rekonstruksi Pemikiran Dakwah Islam, Jakarta, 2008

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[1] Drs. Samsul Munir Amin, M.A, Rekonstruksi Pemikiran Dakwah Islam, Jakarta, 2008 hal. 3

[2] Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011,

[3] Lihat Drs. Wahidin Saputra, M.A, Pengantar Ilmu Dakwah, Jakarta, 2011 hal. 1

[4] Drs. Wahidin Saputra, M.A, Pengantar Ilmu Dakwah, Jakarta, 2011 hal. 1-2

[5] Drs. Wahidin Saputra, M.A, Pengantar Ilmu Dakwah, Jakarta, 2011

[6] [6] Drs. Wahidin Saputra, M.A, Pengantar Ilmu Dakwah, Jakarta, 2011 hal 4-5

[7][7] Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011,

[8] [8] Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011, hal 45-46

[9] [9] Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011,

[10] Lihat [10] Jum’ah Amin Abdul Aziz, Fiqih Dakwah; studi atas berbagai prinsip dan kaidah yang harus dijadikan acuan dalam dakwah islamiah, Solo, 2011 hal 59